const flipPayJsUrl = 'https://cdn.flip-pay.com/clients/inm/flip-pay.js'; The man is said to have bought another substantial portion of farmland in Armagh. Hodder & Stoughton. } [28] By 1991, the RUC acknowledged that no mobile patrols had operated in South Armagh without Army support since 1975.[29]. His younger brother, a member of the UDR, had lost both legs in an IRA attack on the Mall in 1982. } else if (Object.keys(p.badge || {}).indexOf('epaper-access') > -1) { } 18 April IPLO member Martin Corrigan from Railway Street in the city is shot dead by British Army soldiers at Kinnego, a few miles from Armagh. Harnden was held to be in contempt of the Bloody Sunday tribunal for . bundle: bundleValue, South Armagh has long been the IRA stronghold and any defections would be a devastating blow to the leadership. script.src = flipPayJsUrl; Travelling overland in South Armagh eventually became so dangerous that the British Army began using helicopters to transport troops and supply its bases - a practice that had to be continued until the late 1990s. The dead man was from Knockamell Park in Armagh city. Harnden, Toby (1999). He was the only IPLO member to die while attacking state forces. [46] The last major action of the brigade before the last IRA ceasefire was a mortar attack on Newtownhamilton RUC/Army barracks, on 12 July 1997. try { const updateSubscriberCookie = function (purchase) { He had charge of the IRA's Border sniper team, which killed seven soldiers and two police officers in the 1990s. These bases acted as information-gathering centres and also allowed the British Army to patrol South Armagh more securely. let flipPayConfig = { 27 November 34-year-old former RUC member John Martin is shot dead by the Provisional IRA at his filling station on the Mall. return { The man, who has the official title of 'officer commanding' South Armagh Brigade of the Provisional IRA, is also a member of the 'Northern Command', the ruling body which effectively ran the organisation from the early 1980s. He was returning from his shift at, 21 February 29-year-old on-duty RUC sergeant William Gordon Wilson is killed when a Provisional IRA bomb is detonated behind the door of a derelict pub in the nationalist Shambles area close to the city centre. A further 75 civilians were killed in the area during the conflict,[6] as well as ten South Armagh Brigade members. vars.article.wallVisible = ! for (let i = 0, parts; (parts = cookies[i] && cookies[i].split('=')); i++) { }; const subscriberCookieStatus = getCookie(subscriberCookieName) || '{}'; window.IMP = window.IMP || {}; } else if (Object.keys(p.badge || {}).indexOf('print_annual') > -1) { [50], After the Provisional IRA announced its intention to disarm and accept peaceful methods in July 2005, the British government announced a full demilitarisation plan which included the closing of all British Army bases in South Armagh by 2007. Bandit Country. A farm complex by the village of Crossmaglen in South Armagh fell under suspicion and was put under surveillance. [49] IRA members in South Armagh ceased co-operating with the RIRA after the Omagh bombing. From that point onwards, the South Armagh 'OC' and his associates became millionaires while continuing to donate a reputed 25pc of their earnings to the 'movement'. })(); Premium subscribers enjoy unlimited access to all articles. Five men, including one who was described by police in court as the UVF's East Belfast commander, and two women, were later jailed on various charges in connection with her death. McGinn, who laughed when he received his life sentence, died in December 2013 from a suspected heart attack in Monaghan town, aged 56. They carried out 23 attacks on British Army helicopters during the Troubles, bringing five down on separate occasions: the Gazelle shot down in February 1978 near Jonesborough,[17] a Lynx in June 1988,[35] a second Lynx in February 1991,. cookieValue = decodeURIComponent(cookieValue); PBS is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization. const eventType = event.detail.event_type; The team was eventually rounded up and arrested in an operation by the British Army's SAS near Crossmaglen in April 1997. }; Despite British watchtowers with sophisticated surveillance equipment across south Armagh from the mid-1980s, various ex-Irish and British security personnel agree that the . var p = purchase['granted_by_' + purchaseType]; The British patrol manning the checkpoint returned fire. The loyalties of many people in Northern Ireland's South Armagh are with the neighboring Irish republic. } The normalisation process, negotiated under the provisions of the Good Friday Agreement in exchange for the complete decommissioning of IRA weaponry, was one of the main goals of the republican political strategy in the region. 18 April 1992 Brendan McWilliams (50), a Catholic civilian employee of the British Army, was shot and killed by the IRA at his home at Nialls Crescent, off the Killylea Road. A new full inquest is to be held into the IRA massacre of 10 Protestant workers shot dead in South Armagh in 1976. 23 April 38-year-old Protestant John Robinson is shot dead by the Provisional IRA outside the Mullacreevie estate. Elliott was press officer for the Armagh branch of the. The South Armagh IRA. He had just left Drumadd Barracks and was on his way to nearby. The South Armagh Brigade of the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) operated during the Troubles in south County Armagh. ","isAccessibleForFree":"True","isPartOf":{"@type":["CreativeWork","Product"],"name":"Independent.ie","productID":"independent.ie:showcase"}} {"@context":"https://schema.org/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Independent.ie","item":"https://m.independent.ie/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Irish News","item":"https://m.independent.ie/irish-news/"}]} userID: purchase.granted_by_purchase.user_id, It exploded as they ran to a getaway car, causing the building to collapse. 24 February - Anne Marie Smyth, a 26-year-old Catholic mother of two from the Longstone estate in Armagh is murdered in east Belfast by the UVF after she attended what was meant to be a party in a loyalist area. The team, which included Sinn Fein TD Caoimhghin O Caolain's brother-in-law, Bernard McGinn from Castleblayney, Co Monaghan, were sentenced to lengthy jailed terms but released in 2000 as part of the prisoner amnesty. Orange County, Florida ocfrd.com Joined May 2013. Fourth Northern Division of the Irish Republican Army, was attacked by an IRA unit near Jonesborough, Chief Superintendent Harry Breen and Superintendent Bob Buchanan, took control of the village of Cullaville, deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, "Tribunal to investigate murders of RUC officers", BBC On This DAY - 20 March 1989 "Senior RUC men die in gun attack", "Governments must end immoral indulgence of Sinn Fin/IRA", Commons debate, 8 June 1993, columns 192-197, Commons debate, 8 June 1993, columns 180-191, The only way to travel across bandit country, "Final British Watchtowers being removed", "No democrat will shed tears at demise of RIR and its bases", "North-south crackdown on IRA's hidden wealth", "Is 'Slab' Murphy's bloody reign drawing to an end? [56][57] Some sources claim that the smuggling activities not only made the South Armagh brigade self-sustained, but also provided financial support to most of the IRA operations around Northern Ireland. There were also frequent gun attacks on foot patrols. window.IMP.config = flipPayConfig; Photograph: Mirrorpix/Getty Images "And almost overnight the smugglers of South Armagh, under the control of the IRA, started bulk-buying . When they arrived, they were surrounded by 16 SAS men, who ordered them to surrender. The IRA ceasefire of 1994 was a blow to the South Armagh Brigade, in that it allowed the security forces to operate openly in the area without fear of attack and to build intelligence on IRA members. The UDR member who fired the fatal shot was later brought to court on manslaughter charges but was found not guilty in the non-jury trial. He had left the UDR the year before. if (Object.keys(p.badge || {}).indexOf('print_monthly') > -1) { He had been in the garden of an RUC member's house and was getting ready to launch an attack on him when undercover soldiers shot him during a gun-battle. [26], In the late 1980s and early 1990s, the IRA elsewhere in Northern Ireland found that nine out of ten planned operations were aborted. subscriptionFinishDate: '0000-00-00T00:00:00Z', From that point on the south Armagh OC and his associates became millionaires while continuing to donate a reputed 25% of their earnings to the IRA. South Armagh IRA rocked as 'OC' is outed as a 'tout' - BelfastTelegraph.co.uk "I think we have to remember that in the vast majority of cases, the police and security forces acted with integrity, courage and professionalism." Theresa Villiers Se0samh Well-known member Joined Dec 8, 2011 Messages 15,782 Aug 8, 2016 #2 death or glory said: The following August, two RUC constables were killed by a car bomb in Crossmaglen. const domain = '.independent.ie'; The 'OC' is said to have bought another substantial portion of farmland in Armagh. The dead man was a World War II veteran and had taken part in the. return; }; 24 January Tony Harker, a 21-year-old Catholic civilian, is shot dead by the UDR in disputed circumstances outside a supermarket on the Keady Road. bundle: bundleValue, Michael McKevitt and his wife Bernadette were evicted from their home near Dundalk. This page was last edited on 13 July 2022, at 18:49. window.showSubscriberElements(); He had charge of the IRA's border sniper team, which killed seven soldiers and two police officers in the 1990s. window.loadGTM = function () { Purchase Price. His brother Michael Caraher, who was severely wounded in the shooting, later became the commander of one of the South Armagh sniper squads. })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-KJF4'); A sniper rifle and other weapons were recovered. Three British soldiers and a Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) member were wounded. FRONTLINE is a registered trademark of WGBH Educational Foundation. Around this time IRA engineers in South Armagh pioneered the use of home-made mortars which were relatively inaccurate but highly destructive.[14]. const getBundleValue = function (purchase, purchaseType) { ", Sinn Fein ministers McGuinness and Murphy in illegal parade, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Provisional_IRA_South_Armagh_Brigade&oldid=1098002029. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; He was the 267th RUC officer to die in the Troubles. window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; Ten workers were murdered after the IRA ambushed their van in 1976 By Linda Stewart Wed 17 May 2017 at 18:30 An inquest has heard how the south Armagh brigade of the Provisional IRA was. 30 July Martin Malone, an 18-year-old unarmed Catholic civilian, is shot dead by a UDR patrol in the Callan Street area. He is a close associate of the Provos' border boss Thomas 'Slab' Murphy, Gerry Adams and other figures in Sinn Fein. 17 June 34-year-old Geraldine Corrigan died two days after being shot by what is thought to have been a member of the Official IRA during a botched robbery at her family's supermarket on the Cathedral Road. window.GTMLoaded = false; Although from Armagh city, he was a member of the IRA's, 31 July George Walsh, a 51-year-old member of the RUC, was shot dead when two INLA gunmen opened fire on the car he was sitting in outside, 2 August Two British soldiers are killed in a Provisional IRA landmine explosion on the Cathedral Road. [36] while in 1994 another Lynx and an RAF Puma were shot down in March and July respectively. Martin McGuinness, then deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland, gave the main oration, while Conor Murphy, then Minister for Regional Development, introduced the families of the dead IRA members. }).map(function (key) { To republicans, it is 'God's Country', the only area in the six counties where the occupiers have successfully been resisted. A Police Service of Northern Ireland spokesman confirmed that an investigation was underway, but also stated that both Sinn Fin Ministers and everyone attending the parade were unaware that "the proper paperwork hadn't been submitted". He had just left children back to the school after they had attended a quiz the, 1 January 1986 James McCandless (39) and Michael Williams (24), both members of the RUC, were killed by a Provisional IRA remote controlled bomb hidden in a litter bin in Thomas Street and detonated when their foot patrol passed by at one minute into the new year. The unveiling involved a large republican parade which failed to comply with the procedures of the Parades Commission. But there's more: discover your full benefits now. Hair tattoos becoming increasingly popular among men in Ireland. She had gone to Belfast after spending some of the night drinking in Armagh, and had fallen in with a crowd of loyalist men and women who, realising that she was a Catholic from Armagh, took her to a house on Cregagh Street on the pretense of having a party. meteredAccess: purchase.metered_paywall, bodyAvailable) { It was one of the few times the SAS didn't shoot members of an IRA active service unit on armed operations. The south Armagh IRA even discovered ground not covered by the watchtowers for sniper attacks in the 1990s. window.GTMLoaded = true; According to author Toby Harnden, the decision was taken shortly after a Saracen armoured vehicle was destroyed by a culvert bomb near Crossmaglen, on 9 October 1975. Robinson was a former member of the UDR. Contents 1 Background Belton was shot and injured by other members of the patrol, but managed to flee to the Republic. let bodyAvailable = false; 211 Orange County ERA, your comprehensive resource in Capistrano Beach California. She left behind a husband and three children. His body was recovered in Crossmaglen in south Armagh. userID: '', His hands had been tied behind his back and his eyes taped closed at Central. bodyAvailable = true; . The truck bombs were sent to England by ferry. By the time of the final IRA ceasefire in August 1997 the south Armagh IRA leadership was already heavily involved in fuel and cigarette smuggling. [47] The Omagh bombing of August 1998, a botched Real IRA operation which killed 29 civilians, was prepared by dissident republicans in South Armagh. Additional funding is provided by the Abrams Foundation; the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Park Foundation; the Heising-Simons Foundation; and the FRONTLINE Journalism Fund with major support from Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation, and additional support from Koo and Patricia Yuen. if (vars.article.wallType === 'registration') { // Push initial dataLayer values into object. In 2006, the British and Irish authorities mounted joint operations to clamp down on smuggling in the area and to seize Thomas Murphy's assets. It was organised into two battalions, one around Jonesborough and another around Crossmaglen. subscriptionFinishDate: '1111-11-11T11:11:11Z', observer.observe(document, { Inside the council chambers that night Charles Armstrong had called for councillors to stand for a minute's silence for Adrian Carroll, who had been shot dead six days earlier in the city. A British border patrol searches a lorry in 1969. In a statement released by the IRA at the time they denied any role in it. The Troubles in Armagh recounts incidents during The Troubles in Armagh City, County Armagh, Northern Ireland; the violence was substantial enough for a stretch of road on the outskirts of the city to be referred to by one RUC officer as "Murder Mile". Funding for FRONTLINE is provided through the support of PBS viewers and by the Corporation for Public Broadcasting. Chief Superintendent Harry Breen and Superintendent Bob Buchanan were returning from a meeting with the Garda Sochna in the Republic of Ireland, where they had been discussing a range of issues including ways of combating IRA attacks on the cross-border rail link, when they were ambushed. On 11 June 1993, the South Armagh Brigade attempted to shoot down a Puma helicopter taking off from the Crossmaglen base with an improvised mortar. Wed 17 Sep 2014 11.51 EDT. subscriptionStatus: '', A key player in a vicious IRA sniper squad in south Armagh will be freed from prison under the Good Friday agreement within 16 months, despite yesterday receiving one of . He retired as president of Ireland's District Court and in 2006 went on to lead a tribunal of inquiry into alleged Garda collusion in the 1989 murders of two RUC officers in south Armagh. Photo caption # 10: Richard English, Armed Struggle, A History of the IRA, page 172, Transcripts of the Commons debate over the security situation in NI and the Cullaville incident (. He was due to retire in five weeks. return 'epaper-access'; In 2014, an article appeared in the Sinn Fin newspaper, 17 December The Officer Commanding (OC) of the Armagh city Provisional IRA, 33-year-old Sean McIlvenna, is killed by the RUC in, 17 February Catholic prison officer Patrick Kerr is shot dead by the Provisional IRA on his 37th birthday as he left 10.30 a.m Mass with his children at, 21 February 30-year-old Catholic RUC member Frank Murphy is shot dead by the Provisional IRA at the gates of Drumsallen Primary School on the Battleford Road just outside Armagh city. [18] In August 1979, a South Armagh unit killed 18 soldiers in the Warrenpoint ambush. Sources say that shortly before they were captured the team was given orders by the man not to carry any weapons when they were directed to a farm to collect their sniper rifle for an operation. } He is a close associate of the Provos' Border boss, Thomas 'Slab' Murphy, Gerry Adams and other figures in Sinn Fein. 10 November Charles Spence, a 44-year-old part-time UDR man, is shot dead by the Provisional IRA at the customs offices where he worked on the Monaghan Road in the city. The South Armagh IRA were recognised as an independent entity by Provisionals from the mid-1970s, with the area notoriously dangerous for police and army operations. There was no reaction from British security although the RUC/Army base was just 50 yards away. [23] This incident was investigated by the Smithwick Tribunal into alleged collusion between the IRA and the Garda. A sniper rifle and other weapons were recovered. The incident caused outrage among South Armagh residents, provided the IRA with many new recruits and created a hostile climate where local people were prepared to tolerate the killing of security force members. The South Armagh Brigade retaliated for the deaths of the hunger strikers by killing five British soldiers with a mine that destroyed their armoured vehicle near Bessbrook. The man is a close associate of the Provos' border boss Thomas 'Slab' Murphy (pictured), Gerry Adams and other figures in Sinn Fein. item_group_code: "pfc_indo", return 'home-delivery'; window.loadGTM(); The men were taken out of their minibus and then . 7 September 61-year-old Catholic RUC man John Wasson is shot dead by the INLA outside his Duke's Grove home in a nationalist area of the city. const bundleValue = getBundleValue(purchase, 'purchase'); Jon and Jo Ann Hagler on behalf of the Jon L. Hagler Foundation. Toby Harnden has interviewed members . meteredAccess: purchase.metered_paywall, By the 1990s, the South Armagh Brigade was thought to consist of about 40 members,[1] roughly half of them living south of the border. A sniper rifle and other weapons were recovered. '&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= The barrack buster, fired from the back of a local baker's delivery van, exploded on the helipad shortly after the pilot had managed to take off. // Check window.dataLayer object or create. }; [4], As well as paramilitary activity, the South Armagh Brigade has also been widely accused of smuggling across the Irish border. meteredAccess: purchase.metered_paywall, const selectedRegional = localStorage.getItem('selectedRegionals'); subscriptionStartDate: '1111-11-11T11:11:11Z', South Armagh IRA rocked as 'OC' is outed as a 'tout', It is not clear how the OC came to be exposed as an agent but he is believed to have been recruited by British Intelligence in the late 1980s or early 1990s. window.dataLayer.push(vars); } A unit of the IRA's South Armagh Brigade fired a heavy improvised mortar at the British Army base in Crossmaglen, County Armagh. It is believed that the British struck a deal whereby the IRA leaders could continue to benefit from the illicit trade so long as no further attacks on security forces or bomb attacks on commercial targets took place. It is within the Ring of Gullion and in the 2011 Census it had a recorded population of 498. [20], During the mid-1980s, the brigade focused its attacks on the RUC, killing 20 of its members between 1984 and 1986. His killing happened one day before his 30th birthday. It is not clear how the 'OC' came to be exposed as an agent but he is believed to have been recruited by British Intelligence in the late 1980s or early 1990s. !gigyaID ? 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); Following intelligence that the IRA were using farms as bases of operations / weapons caches, the Police, assisted by Army intelligence operatives, began a series of surveillance and search operations. By the end of the 1970s, the IRA in most of Northern Ireland had been restructured into a cell system. [12] IRA volunteer amon McGuire, a former Aer Lingus senior engineer, and his team claim that they were responsible for getting the British Army "off the ground and into the air" in South Armagh. vars.user.userID = subscriberCookie.userID || ''; These squads were responsible for killing seven soldiers and two RUC members until the Caraher team was finally caught by the Special Air Service in April 1997. 24 February - Reginald Williamson, a 46-year-old RUC member from Armagh, is killed when a Provisional IRA booby-trap bomb explodes under his car near the village of Loughgall. userID: purchase.granted_by_corporate_account.user_id, }); bundle: 'premium-plus', document.head.append(script); if (subscriberCookieStatus === "undefined") { Sources say that shortly before they were captured, the team was given orders by the 'OC' not to carry any weapons when they were directed to a farm to collect their sniper rifle for an operation. [39] By 1994, the only way for the British army to travel safely across South Armagh and some border areas of Tyrone and Fermanagh was on board troop-carrying Chinook helicopters.[40]. [33][34], The South Armagh Brigade was by far the most effective IRA brigade in shooting down British helicopters during the conflict. (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': console.log('observer.observe failed:', e); He was identified as the IRA's chief technical officer by the Central Intelligence Agency. Was press officer for the Armagh branch of the Provisional IRA outside the Mullacreevie.... Acted as information-gathering centres and also allowed the British patrol manning the returned. Educational Foundation ``, his hands had been tied behind his back and wife. Behalf of the Provos ' border boss Thomas 'Slab ' Murphy, Gerry Adams and other figures in Fein. Pfc_Indo '', return 'home-delivery ' ; the 'OC ' is said to have bought another substantial portion farmland... 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